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SOAP, or Simple Object Access Protocol is an XML-based object invocation
protocol, and was originally developed for distributed applications to
communicate over HTTP. SOAP defines the use of XML and HTTP to access
platform independent services.
In contrast, XML-RPC is a Remote Procedure Calling protocol that works over
the Internet, and is really an XML-RPC message that is an HTTP-POST request. The
body of the request is in XML. A procedure executes on the server and the
value it returns is also formatted in XML.
* REST is a bit different. REST (REpresentative State Transfer) is a
technique for implementing Web services using XML documents plus standard
HTTP, using its well-known operations (PUT, GET, POST, DELETE). The
service-specific API is created by defining URIs (typically URLs) and XML
documents that model the data structures and requests/responses required.
REST has some very useful properties, e.g. you can use standard firewalls
for security, standard caching for performance, while still letting you do
everything that SOAP and XML-RPC can do.
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